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In 1880 Denny Brothers of Dumbarton used forgings made from scrap maritime steel in their shipbuilding. This procedure was no longer applicable with the advent of metal-hulled boats in the 19th century. In Tudor times (1485–1603), ships were dismantled and the timber re-used. Wooden-hulled ships were simply set on fire or 'conveniently sunk'. History HMS Queen heeled over on the Thames foreshore off Rotherhithe, c. Storage is a viable temporary option, whether on land or afloat, though most ships will eventually be scrapped some will be sunk, or preserved as museums. Īs an alternative to ship-breaking, ships may be sunk to create artificial reefs after legally mandated removal of hazardous materials (though this does not recycle any materials), or sunk in deep ocean waters. In Bangladesh, the recycled steel covers 20% of the country's needs and in India it is almost 10%. The ship-breaking yards of India, Bangladesh, China and Pakistan employ 225,000 workers as well as providing many indirect jobs. The largest sources of ships are China, Greece and Germany, although there is a greater variation in the source of carriers versus their disposal. As of January 2020, Alang Ship Breaking Yard ( India) has the largest global share at 30%, followed by Chittagong Ship Breaking Yard ( Bangladesh) and Gadani Ship Breaking Yard ( Pakistan). In 2013, the world total of demolished ships amounted to 29,052,000 tonnes, 92% of which were demolished in Asia. In 2012, roughly 1,250 ocean ships were broken down, and their average age was 26 years. It is also labour-intensive, and considered one of the world's most dangerous industries.

While ship-breaking is sustainable, there are concerns about its use by poorer countries without stringent environmental legislation. Fixtures and other equipment on board the vessels can also be reused. This lowers the demand for mined iron ore and reduces energy use in the steelmaking process.

Ship-breaking allows the materials from the ship, especially steel, to be recycled and made into new products. Modern ships have a lifespan of 25 to 30 years before corrosion, metal fatigue and a lack of parts render them uneconomical to operate. Ship-breaking (also known as ship recycling, ship demolition, ship dismantling, or ship cracking) is a type of ship disposal involving the breaking up of ships either as a source of parts, which can be sold for re-use, or for the extraction of raw materials, chiefly scrap. Removing steel plates from a ship using cranes at Alang Ship Breaking Yard ( India) For the novel by Paolo Bacigalupi, see Ship Breaker.

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